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CSS Properties

accent-color align-content align-items align-self all animation animation-delay animation-direction animation-duration animation-fill-mode animation-iteration-count animation-name animation-play-state animation-timing-function backdrop-filter backface-visibility background background-attachment background-blend-mode background-clip background-color background-image background-origin background-position background-repeat background-size border border-bottom border-bottom-color border-bottom-left-radius border-bottom-right-radius border-bottom-style border-bottom-width border-collapse border-color border-image border-image-outset border-image-repeat border-image-slice border-image-source border-image-width border-left border-left-color border-left-style border-left-width border-radius border-right border-right-color border-right-style border-right-width border-spacing border-style border-top border-top-color border-top-left-radius border-top-right-radius border-top-style border-top-width border-width bottom box-decoration-break box-shadow box-sizing break-after break-before break-inside caption-side caret-color @charset clear clip clip-path color column-count column-fill column-gap column-rule column-rule-color column-rule-style column-rule-width column-span column-width columns content counter-increment counter-reset cursor direction display empty-cells filter flex flex-basis flex-direction flex-flow flex-grow flex-shrink flex-wrap float font @font-face font-family font-feature-settings font-kerning font-size font-size-adjust font-stretch font-style font-variant font-variant-caps font-weight gap grid grid-area grid-auto-columns grid-auto-flow grid-auto-rows grid-column grid-column-end grid-column-gap grid-column-start grid-gap grid-row grid-row-end grid-row-gap grid-row-start grid-template grid-template-areas grid-template-columns grid-template-rows hanging-punctuation height hyphens image-rendering @import isolation justify-content @keyframes left letter-spacing line-height list-style list-style-image list-style-position list-style-type margin margin-bottom margin-left margin-right margin-top mask-image mask-mode mask-origin mask-position mask-repeat mask-size max-height max-width @media min-height min-width mix-blend-mode object-fit object-position opacity order orphans outline outline-color outline-offset outline-style outline-width overflow overflow-wrap overflow-x overflow-y padding padding-bottom padding-left padding-right padding-top page-break-after page-break-before page-break-inside perspective perspective-origin pointer-events position quotes resize right row-gap scroll-behavior tab-size table-layout text-align text-align-last text-decoration text-decoration-color text-decoration-line text-decoration-style text-decoration-thickness text-indent text-justify text-overflow text-shadow text-transform top transform transform-origin transform-style transition transition-delay transition-duration transition-property transition-timing-function unicode-bidi user-select vertical-align visibility white-space widows width word-break word-spacing word-wrap writing-mode z-index


CSS Lessons for beginners

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CSS Selector Reference


CSS Selectors

In CSS, selectors are patterns used to select the element(s) you want to style.

Use our CSS Selector Tester to demonstrate the different selectors.

Selector Example Example description
.class .intro Selects all elements with class="intro"
.class1.class2 .name1.name2 Selects all elements with both name1 and name2 set within its class attribute
.class1 .class2 .name1 .name2 Selects all elements with name2 that is a descendant of an element with name1
#id #firstname Selects the element with id="firstname"
* * Selects all elements
element p Selects all <p> elements
element.class p.intro Selects all <p> elements with class="intro"
element,element div, p Selects all <div> elements and all <p> elements
element element div p Selects all <p> elements inside <div> elements
element>element div > p Selects all <p> elements where the parent is a <div> element
element+element div + p Selects the first <p> element that is placed immediately after <div> elements
element1~element2 p ~ ul Selects every <ul> element that is preceded by a <p> element
[attribute] [target] Selects all elements with a target attribute
[attribute=value] [target=_blank] Selects all elements with target="_blank"
[attribute~=value] [title~=flower] Selects all elements with a title attribute containing the word "flower"
[attribute|=value] [lang|=en] Selects all elements with a lang attribute value equal to "en" or starting with "en-"
[attribute^=value] a[href^="https"] Selects every <a> element whose href attribute value begins with "https"
[attribute$=value] a[href$=".pdf"] Selects every <a> element whose href attribute value ends with ".pdf"
[attribute*=value] a[href*="w3schools"] Selects every <a> element whose href attribute value contains the substring "w3schools"
:active a:active Selects the active link
::after p::after Insert something after the content of each <p> element
::before p::before Insert something before the content of each <p> element
:checked input:checked Selects every checked <input> element
:default input:default Selects the default <input> element
:disabled input:disabled Selects every disabled <input> element
:empty p:empty Selects every <p> element that has no children (including text nodes)
:enabled input:enabled Selects every enabled <input> element
:first-child p:first-child Selects every <p> element that is the first child of its parent
::first-letter p::first-letter Selects the first letter of every <p> element
::first-line p::first-line Selects the first line of every <p> element
:first-of-type p:first-of-type Selects every <p> element that is the first <p> element of its parent
:focus input:focus Selects the input element which has focus
:fullscreen :fullscreen Selects the element that is in full-screen mode
:hover a:hover Selects links on mouse over
:in-range input:in-range Selects input elements with a value within a specified range
:indeterminate input:indeterminate Selects input elements that are in an indeterminate state
:invalid input:invalid Selects all input elements with an invalid value
:lang(language) p:lang(it) Selects every <p> element with a lang attribute equal to "it" (Italian)
:last-child p:last-child Selects every <p> element that is the last child of its parent
:last-of-type p:last-of-type Selects every <p> element that is the last <p> element of its parent
:link a:link Selects all unvisited links
::marker ::marker Selects the markers of list items
:not(selector) :not(p) Selects every element that is not a <p> element
:nth-child(n) p:nth-child(2) Selects every <p> element that is the second child of its parent
:nth-last-child(n) p:nth-last-child(2) Selects every <p> element that is the second child of its parent, counting from the last child
:nth-last-of-type(n) p:nth-last-of-type(2) Selects every <p> element that is the second <p> element of its parent, counting from the last child
:nth-of-type(n) p:nth-of-type(2) Selects every <p> element that is the second <p> element of its parent
:only-of-type p:only-of-type Selects every <p> element that is the only <p> element of its parent
:only-child p:only-child Selects every <p> element that is the only child of its parent
:optional input:optional Selects input elements with no "required" attribute
:out-of-range input:out-of-range Selects input elements with a value outside a specified range
::placeholder input::placeholder Selects input elements with the "placeholder" attribute specified
:read-only input:read-only Selects input elements with the "readonly" attribute specified
:read-write input:read-write Selects input elements with the "readonly" attribute NOT specified
:required input:required Selects input elements with the "required" attribute specified
:root :root Selects the document's root element
::selection ::selection Selects the portion of an element that is selected by a user
:target #news:target Selects the current active #news element (clicked on a URL containing that anchor name)
:valid input:valid Selects all input elements with a valid value
:visited a:visited Selects all visited links