BEST SITE FOR WEB DEVELOPERS

JS Tutorial

JS HOME JS Introduction JS Where To JS Output JS Statements JS Syntax JS Comments JS Variables JS Let JS Const JS Operators JS Arithmetic JS Assignment JS Data Types JS Functions JS Objects JS Events JS Strings JS String Methods JS String Search JS String Templates JS Numbers JS Number Methods JS Arrays JS Array Methods JS Array Sort JS Array Iteration JS Array Const JS Dates JS Date Formats JS Date Get Methods JS Date Set Methods JS Math JS Random JS Booleans JS Comparisons JS Conditions JS Switch JS Loop For JS Loop For In JS Loop For Of JS Loop While JS Break JS Iterables JS Sets JS Maps JS Typeof JS Type Conversion JS Bitwise JS RegExp JS Errors JS Scope JS Hoisting JS Strict Mode JS this Keyword JS Arrow Function JS Classes JS JSON JS Debugging JS Style Guide JS Best Practices JS Mistakes JS Performance JS Reserved Words

JS Versions

JS Versions JS 2009 (ES5) JS 2015 (ES6) JS 2016 JS 2017 JS 2018 JS IE / Edge JS History

JS Objects

Object Definitions Object Properties Object Methods Object Display Object Accessors Object Constructors Object Prototypes Object Iterables Object Sets Object Maps Object Reference

JS Functions

Function Definitions Function Parameters Function Invocation Function Call Function Apply Function Bind Function Closures

JS Classes

Class Intro Class Inheritance Class Static

JS Async

JS Callbacks JS Asynchronous JS Promises JS Async/Await

JS HTML DOM

DOM Intro DOM Methods DOM Document DOM Elements DOM HTML DOM Forms DOM CSS DOM Animations DOM Events DOM Event Listener DOM Navigation DOM Nodes DOM Collections DOM Node Lists

JS Browser BOM

JS Window JS Screen JS Location JS History JS Navigator JS Popup Alert JS Timing JS Cookies

JS Web APIs

Web API Intro Web Forms API Web History API Web Storage API Web Worker API Web Fetch API Web Geolocation API

JS AJAX

AJAX Intro AJAX XMLHttp AJAX Request AJAX Response AJAX XML File AJAX PHP AJAX ASP AJAX Database AJAX Applications AJAX Examples

JS JSON

JSON Intro JSON Syntax JSON vs XML JSON Data Types JSON Parse JSON Stringify JSON Objects JSON Arrays JSON Server JSON PHP JSON HTML JSON JSONP

JS vs jQuery

jQuery Selectors jQuery HTML jQuery CSS jQuery DOM

JS Graphics

JS Graphics JS Canvas JS Plotly JS Chart.js JS Google Chart JS D3.js

JS Examples

JS Examples JS HTML DOM JS HTML Input JS HTML Objects JS HTML Events JS Browser JS Editor JS Exercises JS Quiz JS Certificate

JS References

JavaScript Objects HTML DOM Objects

JavaScript. W3Schools in English. Lessons for beginners

Ua

JavaScript Array Iteration


Array iteration methods operate on every array item.


JavaScript Array forEach()

The forEach() method calls a function (a callback function) once for each array element.

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let txt = "";
numbers.forEach(myFunction);

function myFunction(value, index, array) {
  txt += value + "<br>";
}
Try it Yourself »

Note that the function takes 3 arguments:

  • The item value
  • The item index
  • The array itself

The example above uses only the value parameter. The example can be rewritten to:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let txt = "";
numbers.forEach(myFunction);

function myFunction(value) {
 txt += value + "<br>";
}
Try it Yourself »

JavaScript Array map()

The map() method creates a new array by performing a function on each array element.

The map() method does not execute the function for array elements without values.

The map() method does not change the original array.

This example multiplies each array value by 2:

Example

const numbers1 = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
const numbers2 = numbers1.map(myFunction);

function myFunction(value, index, array) {
  return value * 2;
}
Try it Yourself »

Note that the function takes 3 arguments:

  • The item value
  • The item index
  • The array itself

When a callback function uses only the value parameter, the index and array parameters can be omitted:

Example

const numbers1 = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
const numbers2 = numbers1.map(myFunction);

function myFunction(value) {
  return value * 2;
}
Try it Yourself »

JavaScript Array filter()

The filter() method creates a new array with array elements that passes a test.

This example creates a new array from elements with a value larger than 18:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
const over18 = numbers.filter(myFunction);

function myFunction(value, index, array) {
  return value > 18;
}
Try it Yourself »

Note that the function takes 3 arguments:

  • The item value
  • The item index
  • The array itself

In the example above, the callback function does not use the index and array parameters, so they can be omitted:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
const over18 = numbers.filter(myFunction);

function myFunction(value) {
  return value > 18;
}
Try it Yourself »

JavaScript Array reduce()

The reduce() method runs a function on each array element to produce (reduce it to) a single value.

The reduce() method works from left-to-right in the array. See also reduceRight().

The reduce() method does not reduce the original array.

This example finds the sum of all numbers in an array:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let sum = numbers.reduce(myFunction);

function myFunction(total, value, index, array) {
  return total + value;
}
Try it Yourself »

Note that the function takes 4 arguments:

  • The total (the initial value / previously returned value)
  • The item value
  • The item index
  • The array itself

The example above does not use the index and array parameters. It can be rewritten to:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let sum = numbers.reduce(myFunction);

function myFunction(total, value) {
  return total + value;
}
Try it Yourself »

The reduce() method can accept an initial value:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let sum = numbers.reduce(myFunction, 100);

function myFunction(total, value) {
  return total + value;
}
Try it Yourself »

JavaScript Array reduceRight()

The reduceRight() method runs a function on each array element to produce (reduce it to) a single value.

The reduceRight() works from right-to-left in the array. See also reduce().

The reduceRight() method does not reduce the original array.

This example finds the sum of all numbers in an array:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let sum = numbers.reduceRight(myFunction);

function myFunction(total, value, index, array) {
  return total + value;
}
Try it Yourself »

Note that the function takes 4 arguments:

  • The total (the initial value / previously returned value)
  • The item value
  • The item index
  • The array itself

The example above does not use the index and array parameters. It can be rewritten to:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let sum = numbers.reduceRight(myFunction);

function myFunction(total, value) {
  return total + value;
}
Try it Yourself »

JavaScript Array every()

The every() method check if all array values pass a test.

This example check if all array values are larger than 18:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let allOver18 = numbers.every(myFunction);

function myFunction(value, index, array) {
  return value > 18;
}
Try it Yourself »

Note that the function takes 3 arguments:

  • The item value
  • The item index
  • The array itself

When a callback function uses the first parameter only (value), the other parameters can be omitted:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let allOver18 = numbers.every(myFunction);

function myFunction(value) {
  return value > 18;
}
Try it Yourself »

JavaScript Array some()

The some() method check if some array values pass a test.

This example check if some array values are larger than 18:

Example

const numbers = [45, 4, 9, 16, 25];
let someOver18 = numbers.some(myFunction);

function myFunction(value, index, array) {
  return value > 18;
}
Try it Yourself »

Note that the function takes 3 arguments:

  • The item value
  • The item index
  • The array itself

JavaScript Array indexOf()

The indexOf() method searches an array for an element value and returns its position.

Note: The first item has position 0, the second item has position 1, and so on.

Example

Search an array for the item "Apple":

const fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
let position = fruits.indexOf("Apple") + 1;
Try it Yourself »

Syntax

array.indexOf(item, start)
item Required. The item to search for.
start Optional. Where to start the search. Negative values will start at the given position counting from the end, and search to the end.

Array.indexOf() returns -1 if the item is not found.

If the item is present more than once, it returns the position of the first occurrence.


JavaScript Array lastIndexOf()

Array.lastIndexOf() is the same as Array.indexOf(), but returns the position of the last occurrence of the specified element.

Example

Search an array for the item "Apple":

const fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
let position = fruits.lastIndexOf("Apple") + 1;
Try it Yourself »

Syntax

array.lastIndexOf(item, start)
item Required. The item to search for
start Optional. Where to start the search. Negative values will start at the given position counting from the end, and search to the beginning

JavaScript Array find()

The find() method returns the value of the first array element that passes a test function.

This example finds (returns the value of) the first element that is larger than 18:

Example

const numbers = [4, 9, 16, 25, 29];
let first = numbers.find(myFunction);

function myFunction(value, index, array) {
  return value > 18;
}
Try it Yourself »

Note that the function takes 3 arguments:

  • The item value
  • The item index
  • The array itself

Browser Support

find() is an ES6 feature (JavaScript 2015).

It is supported in all modern browsers:

Chrome Edge Firefox Safari Opera
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

find() is not supported in Internet Explorer.


JavaScript Array findIndex()

The findIndex() method returns the index of the first array element that passes a test function.

This example finds the index of the first element that is larger than 18:

Example

const numbers = [4, 9, 16, 25, 29];
let first = numbers.findIndex(myFunction);

function myFunction(value, index, array) {
  return value > 18;
}
Try it Yourself »

Note that the function takes 3 arguments:

  • The item value
  • The item index
  • The array itself

Browser Support

findIndex() is an ES6 feature (JavaScript 2015).

It is supported in all modern browsers:

Chrome Edge Firefox Safari Opera
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

findIndex() is not supported in Internet Explorer.


JavaScript Array.from()

The Array.from() method returns an Array object from any object with a length property or any iterable object.

Example

Create an Array from a String:

Array.from("ABCDEFG");
Try it Yourself »

Browser Support

from() is an ES6 feature (JavaScript 2015).

It is supported in all modern browsers:

Chrome Edge Firefox Safari Opera
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

from() is not supported in Internet Explorer.


JavaScript Array Keys()

The Array.keys() method returns an Array Iterator object with the keys of an array.

Example

Create an Array Iterator object, containing the keys of the array:

const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
const keys = fruits.keys();

for (let x of keys) {
  text += x + "<br>";
}
Try it Yourself »

Browser Support

keys() is an ES6 feature (JavaScript 2015).

It is supported in all modern browsers:

Chrome Edge Firefox Safari Opera
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

keys() is not supported in Internet Explorer.


Array entries()

Example

Create an Array Iterator, and then iterate over the key/value pairs:

const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];
const f = fruits.entries();

for (let x of f) {
  document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML += x;
}
Try it Yourself »

The entries() method returns an Array Iterator object with key/value pairs:

[0, "Banana"]
[1, "Orange"]
[2, "Apple"]
[3, "Mango"]

The entries() method does not change the original array.

Browser Support

entries() is an ES6 feature (JavaScript 2015).

It is supported in all modern browsers:

Chrome Edge Firefox Safari Opera
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

entries() is not supported in Internet Explorer.


JavaScript Array includes()

ECMAScript 2016 introduced Array.includes() to arrays. This allows us to check if an element is present in an array (including NaN, unlike indexOf).

Example

const fruits = ["Banana", "Orange", "Apple", "Mango"];

fruits.includes("Mango"); // is true
Try it Yourself »

Syntax

array.includes(search-item)

Array.includes() allows to check for NaN values. Unlike Array.indexOf().

Array.includes() is not supported in Internet Explorer and Edge 12/13.

The first browser versions with full support are:

Browser Support

includes() is an ECMAScript 2016 feature.

It is supported in all modern browsers:

Chrome Edge Firefox Safari Opera
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

includes() is not supported in Internet Explorer.


Complete Array Reference

For a complete Array reference, go to our:

Complete JavaScript Array Reference.

The reference contains descriptions and examples of all Array properties and methods.