CSS Forms
The look of an HTML form can be greatly improved with CSS:
Styling Input Fields
Use the width property to determine the width of the input field:
The example above applies to all <input> elements. If you only want to style a specific input type, you can use attribute selectors:
input[type=text]- will only select text fieldsinput[type=password]- will only select password fieldsinput[type=number]- will only select number fields- etc..
Padded Inputs
Use the padding property to add space inside the text field.
Tip: When you have many inputs after each other, you might also want to add some margin, to add more space outside of them:
Example
input[type=text] {
width: 100%;
padding: 12px 20px;
margin: 8px 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
Try it Yourself »
Note that we have set the box-sizing property to border-box. This makes sure that the padding and eventually borders are included in the total width and height of the elements.
Read more about the box-sizing property in our CSS Box Sizing chapter.
Bordered Inputs
Use the border property to change the border size and color, and use the border-radius property to add rounded corners:
If you only want a bottom border, use the border-bottom property:
Colored Inputs
Use the background-color property to add a background color to the input, and the color property to change the text color:
Focused Inputs
By default, some browsers will add a blue outline around the input when it gets focus (clicked on). You can remove this behavior by adding outline: none; to the input.
Use the :focus selector to do something with the input field when it gets focus:
Input with icon/image
If you want an icon inside the input, use the background-image property and position it with the background-position property. Also notice that we add a large left padding to reserve the space of the icon:
Example
input[type=text] {
background-color: white;
background-image: url('searchicon.png');
background-position: 10px 10px;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
padding-left: 40px;
}
Try it Yourself »
Animated Search Input
In this example we use the CSS transition property to animate the width of the search input when it gets focus. You will learn more about the transition property later, in our CSS Transitions chapter.
Example
input[type=text] {
transition: width 0.4s ease-in-out;
}
input[type=text]:focus {
width: 100%;
}
Try it Yourself »
Styling Textareas
Tip: Use the resize property to prevent textareas from being resized (disable the "grabber" in the bottom right corner):
Example
textarea {
width: 100%;
height: 150px;
padding: 12px 20px;
box-sizing: border-box;
border: 2px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
background-color: #f8f8f8;
resize: none;
}
Try it Yourself »
Styling Select Menus
Example
select {
width: 100%;
padding: 16px 20px;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
background-color: #f1f1f1;
}
Try it Yourself »
Styling Input Buttons
Example
input[type=button], input[type=submit], input[type=reset] {
background-color: #04AA6D;
border: none;
color: white;
padding: 16px 32px;
text-decoration: none;
margin: 4px 2px;
cursor: pointer;
}
/* Tip: use width: 100% for full-width buttons */
Try it Yourself »
For more information about how to style buttons with CSS, read our CSS Buttons Tutorial.
Responsive Form
Resize the browser window to see the effect. When the screen is less than 600px wide, make the two columns stack on top of each other instead of next to each other.
Advanced: The following example use media queries to create a responsive form. You will learn more about this in a later chapter.
